Definition of a Post-Industrial Society

A post-industrial society is a stage in a societys evolution when the economy shifts from producing and providing goods and products to one that mainly offers services. A manufacturing society is comprised of people working in construction, textiles, mills and production workers whereas, in the service sector, people work as teachers, doctors, lawyers, and retail workers. In a post-industrial society, technology, information, and services are more important than manufacturing actual goods. Post-Industrial Society: Timeline A post-industrial society is born on the heels of an industrialized society during which time goods were mass-produced utilizing machinery. Post-industrialization exists in Europe, Japan, and the United States, and the U.S. was the first country with more than 50 percent of its workers employed in service sector jobs. A post-industrial society not only transforms the economy; it alters society as a whole. Characteristics of Post-Industrial Societies Sociologist Daniel Bell made the term post-industrial popular  in 1973 after discussing the concept in his book The Coming of Post-Industrial Society: A Venture in Social Forecasting. He described the following shifts associated with post-industrial societies: Production of goods (like clothing) declines and the production of services (like restaurants)  goes up.Manual labor jobs and blue collar jobs are replaced with technical and professional jobs.Society experiences a shift from focusing on practical knowledge to theoretical knowledge. The latter involves the creation of new, invention solutions.There is a focus on new technologies, how to create and utilize them as well as harness them.New technologies foster the need for new scientific approaches like IT and cybersecurity.Society needs more college graduates with advanced knowledge who can help develop and advance technological change. Post-Industrial Societal Shifts in the U.S. About 15 percent of the labor force (only 18.8 million Americans out of a workforce of 126 million) now works in manufacturing compared to 26 percent 25 years ago.Traditionally, people earned status and gained and privilege in their society through inheritance which could be a family farm or business. Today education is the currency for social mobility, particularly with the proliferation of professional and technical jobs. Entrepreneurship, which is highly valued, generally requires a more advanced education.The concept of capital was, until fairly recently, considered mainly to be financial capital gained through money or land. Human capital is now the more important element in determining the strength of a society. Today, thats evolved into the concept of social capital -- the extent to which people have access to social networks and subsequent opportunities.Intellectual technology (based on math and linguistics) is at the forefront, utilizing algorithms, software programming, sim ulations and models to run new high technology.The infrastructure of a post-industrial society is based on communication whereas the infrastructure of industrial society was transportation.An industrial society features a labor theory based on value, and industry develops proceeds with the creation of labor-saving devices which substitute capital for labor. In a post-industrial society, knowledge is the basis for invention and innovation. It creates added value, increases returns and saves capital.

Essay on Book Review of Helping the Noncompliant Child

Debra Langer HBSK 4073 Book Review McMahon, R.J. amp; Forehand, R.L. (2003). Helping the noncompliant child: family-based treatment for oppositional behavior. New York: The Guilford Press. Summary The purpose of this book is to provide a detailed description of the empirically validated Helping the Non-Compliant Child (HNC) program – a program created to help parents improve their children’s (ages 3-8) noncompliant and oppositional behavior. Chapter 1 provides background information on noncompliance by discussing the role of compliance and noncompliance in normal development and by highlighting the role of noncompliance in the development of conduct problems early in life. The authors stress that current research†¦show more content†¦Progression to each new skill is determined by the therapist’s use of behavioral criteria collected during each session. Chapter 4 describes the assessment methods and procedures that the therapist should use. Numerous sample documents are provided to facilitate and standardize data collection. This data gathered during assessment is utilized to formulate a treatment plan and, ultimately, to evaluate the success of the treatment. When the problems present themselves in the school setting or with peers and/or siblings, information is obtained concerning those areas as well. Chapters 5-7 provide detailed instructions on the implementation of the HNC. Chapter 5 starts with a description of the â€Å"feedback session† where the therapist presents his conceptualization of the child’s noncompliance and recommendations for intervention. A detailed sample program outline is also provided. In Chapter 6, the Phase I skills of â€Å"differential attention† – attending, rewarding and ignoring—are explained in detail. As soon as the first session begins, the therapist models appropriate parenting skills by explaining the extinction procedure (ignoring) will occur should the child interrupt the conversation between the parent and therapist and by demonstrating positive reinforcement (attends and rewards) should the childShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Vargas Family Case Study Essay1043 Words   |  5 PagesManagement Model Overview ï‚ ´ This model is used to assist parents in molding their children to acquire desirable characters and behaviors by making the parent the primary teacher of the child in regards to development of appropriate behaviors (Harbor Regional Center, 2011). ï‚ ´ This training model focuses on assisting parents in helping their children develop better and good behaviors that they are struggling with and also minimize and get rid off challenging or undesirable behaviors such as selfinjury and temperRead MoreCollin Technologies Case Study Essay examples33525 Words   |  135 Pagesincluding approximately 40 hours in April/May to complete self-study, three to four days in May to attend Examiner Preparation, and 50–70 hours from June through August to complete an Independent and Consensus Review. If requested by the program, examiners also participate in a Site Visit Review of approximately nine days. The nominee or the organization must cover travel and housing expenses incurred for Examiner Preparation. Mr.ï€   Mrs.ï€   Ms.ï€   Dr. Candice Trobaugh from our organization will serveRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesComputer, Inc. Used herein under license. Library of Congress Control Number: 2006933904 Student Edition: ISBN-13: 978-0-495-11873-2 ISBN-10: 0-495-11873-7 ââ€"   To my nephews, Jesse and Luke Smidt, who bet I wouldn’t put their names in this book. R. P. ââ€"   To my wife, Sally, and my daughter, Anna C. O. ââ€"   To Carol, Allie, and Teri. J. D. ââ€"   About the Authors puter Teacher of the Year award in 1988 and received the Siemens Award for Advanced Placement in mathematics in 1999

Egypt Essay Paper Example For Students

Egypt Essay Paper The majority of people have various ways of viewing cultures. Becauseof close-mindedness and lack of cultural education, people have a difficult timeinteracting with different societies. I feel that people shouldnt stereotypebecause this might lead to misjudgment. For example, I have personallyexperienced this type of stereotyping of my Egyptian culture. Although peopleview Egypt as a plain desert with camel riders, my experience from living thereshows Egypt to be a developing civilized country with a great history . People think about Egypt in this manner because of the media. Thenews primarily exposes the uncivilized parts of the country. For instance, thewell known news broad-casting channel CNN showed the circumcising of a younggirl on the television screen. This is a harsh way to introduce a culture topeople. Often, CNN shows cases of the Egyptian desert with camel riders. Thisnarrow perspective influences the societys view of our culture. Another example is an article in the National Geographic magazineabout Egypt (written by Peter Throux in April 1993). The writer described thecountry as smoggy, dirty, over-populated and with traffic problems. The articleintroduced Egypt as a superstitious culture which was graphically proven in apicture shown in the article. This picture showed the head of a woman with thebody of a snake. This picture gives the reader the impression that Egyptiansbelieve in black magic. Whenever the media introduce a culture, they should mention all thepositive and the negative aspects of that specific culture. For instance,whenever you watch a program about the United States of America back home, yousee only sky-scrapers and big luxurious cities. This doesnt portray the entireUnited States. In reality, Egypt is a mixture of well educated and uneducated people. I have lived there for many years and from experience, I think its aninteresting country. Egypt has the Nile River which supports the cities aroundit with water and green areas. In Egypt, the government encourages the peopleto move away from the cities and start agricultural communities with greatfacilities. This encouragement helps provide more agricultural areas and morejobs for the Egyptian people. This enrichment has stabilized the currency forsix years and has also improved the growth of the national income. In Egypt,there are the pyramids which are symbols of the Egyptian pride. Temples,churches and mosques show a great art of design. These buildings are not justconstructions, they are decorations and a history for all generations. Thishistory has motivated the Egyptians to continue their modern progresses. It hasalso influenced the Egyptian traditions. For example, the Egyptian ancestorspassed down many traditions. These traditions emphasize respect for elders andfamily. In conclusion, my view is that culture has its good and bad qualities. The negative ones in the Egyptian culture are the traffic, extensive paper work(with certified signature), hard-to-find housing and beggars. This occursbecause of the over population problem. The Egyptian government is trying tofix this problem by doing everything possible. I wish every person could view the Nile River at night, the historicalsites (such as the pyramids) and the beaches of the red sea, to fully understandthe beauty of nature in this part of the world. Egypt is mentioned in the holybook Quran as a secure country with generous people living in it. I wisheveryone could see the world with an open mind, rather than with an eye ofignorance and prejudice. Category: History

Legalization Of Marijuana Essays (768 words) - Herbalism

Legalization Of Marijuana Legalization of Marijuana In a day in time where alcohol and tobacco products, although restricted by age, are available to millions, one has to wonder why there is such controversy about the proposal to legalize marijuana. Of course, there are many arguments or both sides of this hotly debated issue. Nonetheless, marijuana is no more harmful than alcohol and tobacco products and in some cases, marijuana has already proven to be medicinally helpful. Marijuana, a plant with many uses, should be legalized for crime deterrence, medicinal help and tax purposes. Marijuana is, in truth, no more harmful than currently sold alcohol and tobacco products. In the U.S. each year, millions and millions of dollars are spent on health care issues stemming from the use of alcohol and tobacco drugs: Studies have indicated that the toxins in tobacco and that alcohol, perse, are addictive. Fighting addictions, added to the cost of fighting cancer, has skyrocketed the amount of money spent and the personal/ family angst suffered in this nation for decades. Studies do not, however, indicate that marijuana is a ?gateway drug,? one that causes addiction (?Legalization Report,? Http://www.geocities.com/marinol.html). Perhaps the only reason that currently points to danger associated with marijuana has more to do with the fact that because it is not currently government regulated for the public use, marijuana does, occasionally, contain impurities that cause temporary nausea. Obviously, government control, perhaps under the FDA specifically, would guarantee a c onsistently pure product. Already, the FDA has that marijuana is helpful in treating nausea for cancer patients who are undergoing chemotherapy. In addition the FDA supports the research that shows marijuana's medicinal potential in treating glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness. Several studies have found that ?smoking marijuana reduces intraocular pressure?the main [cause] of this disease? (?Legalization Report,? Http://www.geocities.com?Glaucoma). How can a drug that the FDA endorses for purposes of healing and prevention be harmful that the general population needs to be prohibited from its pleasurable effects? Along with the medicinal purposes of marijuana, it will also help to reduce crime related offenses. Police enforcement will save billions of dollars a year. Because marijuana is illegal only criminals deal the drug and will at any point change the cost of their product. This causes anger and frustration among their clients, which often erupts into violence and theft. Law enforcement spends 9 billion dollars annually on cannabis arrests that would no longer be made. Because it is illegal, marijuana is often used today in ?shady places? and allowing may well decrease the number of such meeting spots. The legalization of marijuana will also result in a decrease of jail population, which will save millions and will result in less violence that often occurs from overcrowded conditions. Marijuana, just like alcohol and tobacco, could be taxed, the revenue of which would result in billions of dollars that could be spent in areas needing further funding. One pack of twenty joints could be sold the same amount as one pack of cigarettes, $3.50 a pack. From that per pack amount, one-fourth the total cost would go directly to the government (?Bud Smokers of America,? Http://www.geocities.com?economics.html). For the government to regulate and maintain affordable prices, it would tax the registered dealers but not growers. ?This means the sale of unregistered homegrown weed would be banned.? However, ?People could grow [their own cannabis] but only for personal use? (?Bud Smokers of America,? Http://www.geocities.com?economics.html). Another feasible way to limit abuse of the drug would be to ?regulate consumers directly, [as] for instance, by issuing licenses to buy/sell/grow pot? (?Bud Smokers of America,? Http://www.geocities.com?economics.html). The government could im pose a ?harmful tax? of around $.50-1.00; such a tax on items is to help control the use, which would, in turn, lower the potential for abuse of a substance. These taxes alone would raise around $2.2-$6.4 billion a year. This tax is only one of several cumulative taxes that would be imposed to support the legalization of marijuana. Overall the government could potentially earn $24.2-$43 billion in just one year. Marijuana has been proven to be a very safe drug that has many benefits that should be taking advantage of rather than being banned from today's society. It has many uses, not only